Grinding wheel, as a key tool in grinding processing, its performance is closely related to the composition of the abrasive layer. The abrasive layer, as the core part of the grinding wheel, carries the heavy responsibility of cutting and grinding workpieces.

1、 The main components of the abrasive layer

The abrasive layer of the grinding wheel is mainly composed of abrasives, binders, and other auxiliary materials. These materials play their respective roles during the grinding process, collectively determining the performance and applicability of the grinding wheel.

1. Abrasive

Function: Abrasive is the most critical component in grinding wheels, which directly cuts and grinds workpieces. The hardness, wear resistance, and toughness of abrasives determine the cutting efficiency and grinding quality of grinding wheels.

Types: Common abrasives include silicon carbide, corundum, diamond, and cubic boron nitride (CBN). These abrasives can be used to process workpieces of different hardness and materials based on their hardness, wear resistance, and applicable range.

2. Adhesive

Function: The binder is used to firmly bond abrasive particles together, forming an abrasive layer with a certain strength and hardness. The type and performance of the binder directly affect the hardness, impact resistance, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance of the grinding wheel.

Types: Bonding agents are mainly divided into two categories: inorganic bonding agents (such as ceramic bonding agents) and organic bonding agents (such as resin bonding agents). Inorganic binders have high hardness and heat resistance, making them suitable for processing hard and brittle materials; Organic binders have good elasticity and self sharpening properties, making them suitable for processing soft and tough materials.

2、 Auxiliary materials and their functions

In addition to abrasives and binders, the abrasive layer of the grinding wheel may also contain various auxiliary materials to improve its performance and applicability.

1. Drilling agent

Function: The pore forming agent is used in the manufacturing process of grinding wheels to form pores, which help dissipate heat and chips during the grinding process, improve grinding efficiency and the service life of the grinding wheel.

Usage: The pore forming agent is a selective material, and its dosage and type of use depend on the application scenario and performance requirements of the grinding wheel. For example, when processing materials that are prone to heat generation, it is necessary to increase porosity to improve heat dissipation performance.

2. Dextrin powder

Function: Cyclodextrin powder has good lubricity and cooling effect, which can reduce the frictional heat between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, prevent overheating and wear of the grinding wheel.

Usage: Dextrin powder is usually added as an auxiliary material, especially suitable for high-precision grinding and processing of materials that are prone to heat generation.

3. Wetting agent

Function: Wetting agent can make grinding fluid densely distributed on the metal surface, enhancing the cleaning ability and cooling effect of the grinding fluid.

Usage: The selection and use of wetting agents depend on the type of grinding fluid and the requirements of the grinding process. Wetting agents can play a crucial role in both dry and wet grinding processes.

4. Enhancer

Function: Enhancer is used to improve the hardness and wear resistance of grinding wheels, and extend their service life.

Usage: Enhancers are selective materials commonly used for processing hard and brittle materials or in situations where high hardness is required for grinding wheels.

5. Hardener

Function: The hardener increases the hardness and strength of the grinding wheel through chemical or physical reactions, making it more durable.

Usage: The selection and use of hardener depend on the type of binder used in the grinding wheel and the processing conditions. In situations where it is necessary to improve the hardness and wear resistance of grinding wheels, hardeners are indispensable materials.

Note: The main difference between reinforcing agents and hardening agents is that reinforcing agents mainly enhance the mechanical properties of materials such as strength and durability, while hardening agents mainly improve the hardness and compactness of materials through chemical reactions.

3、 Required and Selective Materials

In the composition of the abrasive layer of the grinding wheel, abrasive and binder are essential materials, which together constitute the basic structure and cutting ability of the grinding wheel. However, pore forming agents, dextrin powder, wetting agents, reinforcing agents, and hardening agents are selective materials, and their use depends on the application scenario and performance requirements of the grinding wheel.

1. Required materials: Abrasive and binder are essential components of the grinding wheel abrasive layer. Abrasives are responsible for cutting and grinding workpieces, while binders firmly bond abrasive particles together to form an abrasive layer with a certain strength and hardness.

2. Selective materials: The selection and use of auxiliary materials such as pore forming agents, dextrin powder, wetting agents, reinforcing agents, and hardening agents depend on the specific needs and processing conditions of the grinding wheel. For example, when processing materials that are prone to heat generation, it is necessary to increase porosity to improve heat dissipation performance; In situations where it is necessary to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the grinding wheel, reinforcing agents and hardening agents need to be used.

The composition of the abrasive layer of the grinding wheel is complex and diverse, and various materials play their respective roles in the grinding process, jointly determining the performance and applicability of the grinding wheel. Understanding and mastering the functions and usage of these materials is of great significance for selecting suitable grinding wheels, improving grinding efficiency and processing quality. In the future grinding process, with the continuous emergence of new materials and technologies, the composition and performance of the grinding wheel abrasive layer will be continuously optimized and improved, bringing more innovation and breakthroughs to the industrial manufacturing field.